Enlarged Prostate Symptoms & Causes: Understanding a Common Male Condition. Enlarged prostate or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition that affects millions of men worldwide. It is a non-cancerous growth of the prostate gland, which surrounds the urethra and produces semen.
Although BPH is not life-threatening, it can cause a range of symptoms that can affect a man’s quality of life. In this article, we will discuss the causes and symptoms of an enlarged prostate, as well as ways to manage this condition.
The Anatomy of the Prostate Gland: What Causes It to Enlarge?
The prostate gland is a walnut-sized gland that is located just below the bladder in men. It surrounds the urethra and produces a fluid that helps to nourish and protect sperm. The prostate gland grows throughout a man’s life, but it usually starts to enlarge after the age of 50. The exact cause of prostate enlargement is not known, but it is believed to be related to changes in hormone levels as men age.
One of the main hormones that affect the prostate gland is dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which is produced from testosterone by an enzyme called 5-alpha-reductase. DHT stimulates the growth of prostate cells, which can cause the gland to enlarge over time. Other factors that may contribute to prostate enlargement include inflammation, genetics, and lifestyle factors such as diet and exercise.
Recognizing the Signs: Enlarged Prostate Symptoms Every Man Should Know
The symptoms of an enlarged prostate can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Some men may not experience any symptoms at all, while others may have significant discomfort and inconvenience. The most common symptoms of BPH include:
- Urinary problems: Men with an enlarged prostate may experience a range of urinary symptoms, including a weak urine stream, difficulty starting and stopping urination, and a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder.
- Frequency and urgency: Men with an enlarged prostate may need to urinate more frequently, especially at night. They may also experience a sudden urge to urinate that is difficult to control.
- Urinary retention: In severe cases, an enlarged prostate can block the flow of urine completely, leading to urinary retention. This can cause pain and discomfort, as well as an increased risk of infection.
- Sexual dysfunction: Some men with an enlarged prostate may experience sexual dysfunction, including difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection.
Diagnosis and Treatment Options for Enlarged Prostate
If you are experiencing any of the symptoms of an enlarged prostate, it is important to see a doctor for an accurate diagnosis. Your doctor may perform a physical exam, including a digital rectal exam and a blood test to check your prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. They may also recommend imaging tests such as an ultrasound or MRI to check the size of your prostate.
There are several treatment options available for an enlarged prostate, depending on the severity of your symptoms. In mild cases, lifestyle changes such as eating a healthy diet, increasing physical activity, avoiding caffeine and alcohol, and practicing bladder training exercises may be recommended. Medications such as alpha-blockers and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors may also be prescribed to help relieve symptoms.
In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove part or all of the prostate gland. There are several surgical options available, including transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), laser surgery, and open surgery.
Managing an enlarged prostate can be challenging, but with the right diagnosis and treatment, it is possible to manage your symptoms and improve your quality of life. If you are experiencing any symptoms of an enlarged prostate, it is important to see a doctor as soon as possible to get an accurate diagnosis and start treatment.”